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Pastva oviec v Národnej prírodnej rezervácii Mohelenská hadcová step
Sečkárová, Tereza
The diploma thesis deals with the impact of sheep grazing on the protected steppe biotopes of the National Nature Reserve Mohelno Serpentine Steppe. It focuses on the ethological manifestations of the sheep flock and on the evaluation of the state of the pasture before and after the end of animal grazing in enclosures 7 and 8. Based on the results of the ethological observations, it is likely that the grazing activity of the sheep was influenced by the outside temperature, while in most cases it was increased at lower temperature. It can also be assumed that the sheep continued their grazing activity even after the end of the ethological observation. There was no significant difference in the height of the grasses before and after the end of grazing in the given fences, but the selectivity of the sheep regarding herbs and lady´s bedstraw (Galium verum), which was abundantly represented on the pasture, was confirmed. The results are processed into tables and graphs, and photographic documentation can be seen in the appendices of the work.
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Pastva malých přežvýkavců v chráněných oblastech
Škatulárová, Jana
The final thesis is focused on the issue of using small ruminants (sheep and goats) for grazing in protected landscapes. It is part of long term research on the influence of small ruminant grazing on the NNR Mohelno Serpentine Steppe, which in the 2022 includes the methodology of ethological observation of a flock of sheep on a pasture and sampling of grazed and ungrazed vegetation. Ethological observation took place on 27. 5. (plot no. 2), 5. 6. (plot no. 3) and 29. 6. (plot no. 5). Four activities were monitored from 4:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. in 10 minute intervals (lying down, standing, walking, grazing). On the first day of monitoring, the sheep were mainly engaged in grazing (42,98 %), on the second day lying down (39,95 %), on the third day lying down again (33,02 %). The busiest locations were squares with shading objects. The results of ethological observation and sampling of grazed and ungrazed vegetation can help to achieve optimal management of the NNR Mohelno Serpentine Steppe, which will contribute to the preservation of its typical character with the support of local protected plants and animals.
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Faktory ovlivňující welfare dojnic
Zavoralová, Lenka
The Bachelor thesis is developed on the topic of factors affecting the welfare of dairy cows. Its aim was to process a literary research focused on the ethology of dairy cows, welfare and factors influencing the walfare of dairy cows. As a part of the practical part two stables of one farm were monitored. All data for the practical part were obtained at the Zderaz Agricultural Farm. The company is engaged in the breeding of Simmental cattle. The behaviour of the cows was noted in the resting period in the stables, but also at the times with the occurrence of disruptive elements. Observations took place in the old and new stables in order to compare specific stables. Subsequent processing of the results revealed a higher number of lying dairy in the new stable during the day. The time of habit utilizing cows for a new parallel milking parlour was also monitored. After five days, the cows went to the milking parlour relatively alone. Lastly, the mastitis of cows was monitored. The highest number of mastitis was observed in summer July, August 2022.
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Etologické pozorovaní vybrané skupiny jehňat
Mrishchuk, Elizaveta
The topic of the bachelor thesis was ethological observation of a selected group of lambs. This bachelor's degree consists of two parts, namely a theoretical part and a practical or experimental part. The theoretical part contains individual information about the scientific field of ethology, its characteristics and meaning, as well as the origin of ethology, methods of observation and classification of animal behavior. Another part of the literature review is a description of the meaning of sheep breeding, the behavior of lambs, specific life manifestations. The experimental part consists of a description of the observed breed, also of my results of ethological observation and ethograms, and also includes an evaluation of the obtained results. The behavior of newborn lambs, lambs approximately 10 days old, and month-old animals was compared. In the end, I found out that newborn lambs spent more than half of their time resting, a quarter of the time moving behind their mother or standing. Animals 10 days old spent much less time resting than newborns, only 30%. In older animals, I observed new life manifestations: exploring the surroundings, caring for the exterior or drinking water. Month-old animals rested even less in percentage terms. The time spent pumping milk or exploring the surroundings also decreased. But on the other hand, grooming was increasing.
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Vliv plemenné příslušnosti masného skotu na sledované životní projevy
Vejslíková, Denisa
The bachelor thesis deals with ethological observations of beef cattle of different breeds. It is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes the field of ethology, its historical origin and the methods used for observation. Information on the history of beef cattle breeding and the characteristics of selected breeds are listed. It also describes the senses of cattle and their basic vital signs. The experimental part focuses on the ethological observations of 3 breeds of beef cattle - Aberdeen angus, Charolais and Limousin. In these cattle, selected vital signs - feed intake, grazing, locomotion, standing, lying, social behaviour, maternal behaviour and comfort behaviour - are observed. Subsequently, this section evaluates the behaviour in graphs. From the result of observation of all breeds, it was observed that during autumn observation, animals were mostly engaged in standing (50 %), followed by feed intake (19 %) and lying down (12 %). During spring observation, animals were mostly engaged in grazing (31 %), lying down (26 %), standing (19 %). Other observed behaviours were represented in units of percentages.
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Etologické pozorování vybraných životních projevů krůty domácí
Kovářová, Nikola
The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to assess ethological observation of chosen life expressions of the domestic turkey. In the literal summary I defined ethology, its history, and the division of this science. In the chapter life expressions, there were described senses and essential part of this chapter was focused on specific turkey’s behaviour. The greatest attention was given to the harmful behaviour, which is often discussed topic by large – scale farming. The thesis describes this problematics and some of the methods which are used by the breeders to avoid this behaviour, that often evolves and leads to cannibalism. The end of the thesis contains assessment of the ethologic observation, accomplished by the method of group imaging. Mostly represented activity during all the days of observation was comfort behaviour (35,21 %), relaxing (15,89 %) and displaying (10,94 %).
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Vliv ročního období na mléčnou užitkovost a změny chování dojnic holštýnského skotu v průběhu roku ve vybraném chovu
Rusnáková, Jaroslava
This bachelor thesis studied the effect of season on change in milk yield and behav-ioural change in Holstein dairy cows. The research was carried out in a selected farm in the South Moravian region from April 2021 to December 2021. The research on the change in milk yield, characterised by daily production intake and milk content, was carried out on an average number of 313 cows on all lactations in April-May, July-August, October-November and December. The lowest protein (3.2%) and fat (3.56%) content was found in the sample from the summer period. The lactose content in the summer months was the highest (5.05 %). The behaviour of the dairy cows was observed in the 2nd lactation herd. Behavioural observations included the following activities: water intake, feeding, resting, rumination, con-tact, exercise, comfort behaviour and defecation. Resting was the most performed activity (36.98%) and defecation was the least performed activity (1.33%).
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